Block for building construction



Sept. 1.192s. v 1,552,077-

M. PALANTi BLOCK FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION and Feb. 23. 1923 /7. PdlanhPatented Sept. 1, 1925.

UNITED STAT-E MARIO PALANTI, OF BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA.

BLOCK FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed February 23, 1923. Serial No. 620,778.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAmo PALANTI, subject of the King of Italy, residingat 25 de Mayo Street, No. 214, Buenos Aires, Re-

5 public of Argentina, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Blocks for Building Construction, of which the following aspecification.

The present invention relates to a new type of block for constructingpurposes, the use of which reduces considerably the cost ofconstruction, either with regard to the amount of wages, transport orowing to the fact that with my improved block it may 5 be dispensedcompletely with the usual mortar necessary in those constructions whereare employed the common bricks or stones which have been usedheretofore.

My improved constructing block may be formed from any suitable material,conglomerate or homogeneous, concrete, cement, mortar, terracotta, etc.,and same may also be provided, according to each case, with internal orexternal reinforcements and these blocks may be used advantageously inthe construction of any kind or type of Walls for dwelling houses,factory build ing, etc.

In all cases these blocks are formed by means of any of the processesalready known and are supplied to the place or building yard in acompletely finished state, thus making it necessary only to join themsuitably together for the building up of the walls and other parts of aconstruction.

In comparing the costs of a construction made with the present improvedblock of my system and those where the usual stones or bricks areemployed, there results a considerable difference from the economicalstandpoint as in first line my improved system of building demands asmaller number of workmen, from which results an increased economy inthe amount of wages. Furthermore, the cost of construction according tomy system results considerably less expensive over the other systemsheretofore known and employed in view of the fact that a considerablepart of the materials necessary with the latter, may be dispensed within the employment of my improved block.

The principal advantage of my improved 7 block resides in its specialform or shape which makes possible the building up of any kind ofconstruction with the maximum of safeness, hygiene, etc. at a cost whichin all cases is 25% cheaper than the cost of any of the other systemsknown, and in some cases this difference in the costs may be increasedeven to a 50%. i

The improved blocks of my system are manufactured by means of any wellknown process, either by moulding, pressing or otherwise, and they maybe formed from any suitable material. However, the preferred form ofmanufacture is the hydraulic pressing, in View of the very satisfactoryresults obtained withsuch process.

The preferred form of my improved block, and especially its section,permits the construction of any desired kind of strucprecisely, thereason for the'economy, con-' venience and rapidity obtained with mysystem. In the present specification will be described the invention inits preferred form of embodiment which hereinafter will be calledStandard block It should be understood, however, that the form or shapeof the block according to my invention may vary in certain cases withoutaltering the bottom of the invention.

The present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in itspreferred form of embodiment demonstrating the aforesaid Standard block,being Figure 1 is a perspective view of the head and body blocks inoperative relation.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the head block removed from the bodyblock. i

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the head block.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 4:4 of Fig. 3.

The aforementioned Standard block preferably is made in the form of arectangular parallelopipedon, its base being of constant width, which isthe width or thickness of the wall. The length of the block may varyaccording to the circumstances and its height may also vary, although itis preferred to make the height and width of like dimensions.

This Standard block of my invention comprises two parts or elements, vizhead and body and the combination of these two elements will besufficient for the construction of any building desired.

The aforementioned head is shown separately in Figs. 2 to 4: arectangular prism with square base and encloses a hollow space in theform of a truncated pyramid, totally open at its base and totally orpartially open at its upper part. The upper part of this hollow space issurrounded by a projecting edge 1 which may be continu ous orinterrupted and which is adapted to fit within a recess of like depthand width on the bottom or lower part of the head which, when building,is placed upon the latter, that is to say, all the heads are provided ontheir upper surface with a projection or rib and on their lower surfaceor bottom with corresponding recesses. Furthermore, the heads areprovided with the ribs or projections 2 located vertically on each oftheir four sides and which extend over the upper surface adjacent theribs or projections 1 but without reaching the full height of the:latter. The upper part of these vertical ribs engages correspondingrecesses 3 formed in the lower part of the block, in the center of itssides, so as to break the plane of the upper base. in order to avoidwater filtration from the exterior" and to make impossible thetransversal dis placement of one head in relation to another head placedabove or below the latter. The projections 2 of the heads engage thenotches 4- formed transversely on the ends of the body thus breaking theplane of the vertical joints andimpossibilitating air and waterfiltrations from the exterior as well as the transversal displacement ofthe heads in relation with the bodies placed at their ends.

The bodies are constituted by right prisms having rectangular elongatedbottoms or bases-and enclose a hollow space similar to that described inconnection with the heads.

In superposing the heads, their hollow spaces form a series of verticalshafts which may be filled with concrete, reinforced or not, butgenerally this is not necessary in which case these shafts then act asinsulators against heat, dampness, sounds etc.

In the case of the constructionof walls of a certain width, the width ofthe block being always tothe thickness of the wall, the hollow space ofthe blocks may be divided longitudinally by a vertical partition wall ofthe same material, whereby the insulating qualities of the blocks arestill increased.

The Standard block hereinbefore referred to comprises one head and onebody joined together or connected by their ends. I may also employindistinctly the heads or the bodies: alone Without the necessity ofjoining them together.

In the case of walls or other constructions having a circular, or oblongplane, etc, the blocks used will be similar to the type hereinbeforereferred to with the difference that in lieu of having rectangularplanes, these will then be sectors of a circle. I may also provideblocks having an upper surface inclined to a predetermined degree, foruse in connection with the upper part of a wall, immediate to the roof.7

Special attention, however, is drawn to the fact that from one course toanother, no matter of what material the blocks are made, the heads mus-talways be superposed on the heads and the bodies on the bodies.

The manner of utilizing the improved blocks according to my invention isquite analogous to the laying of bricks in the usual systems ofconstruction, with the difference that it is unnecessary to employ themortar used in connection with the latter forms. With the present systemit is sutlicient to dip the ends of my improved block, into a solutionof water and cement, just before the laying, whereby a wall or otherconstruction built up wth these blocks will present stillbetterconditions as an ordinary wall or the like made with the common bricksand mortar.

lVhat I claim is 1. A head block for walls, said walls in cluding bodyblocks, the head block having an opening there-through and having recesses in the lower portion thereof, upstanding projections at the topof said block adapted to engage within the recesses of a second headblock arranged thereon, and vertically disposed lateral projections onall sides of said head block adapted to engage with the body block.

2. A head block for walls, said walls including a body block, the headblock having an. opening there-through and having recesses in the lowerportion thereof, upstand ing projections at the top of said head blockadapted to be engaged in the recesses of a second head block arrangedthereon, and a vertically disposed lateral projection located centrallyof each side face of the head block adapted to engage the body block.

In testimony whereof I have afiixec my signature.

MARIO PALANTI.

